CBT is a widely used approach that focuses on identifying and challenging negative thought patterns and behaviors. PNPs help patients develop coping strategies, problem-solving skills, and tools to manage distressing emotions. CBT is effective for various conditions, including anxiety disorders, depression, and obsessive-compulsive disorder.

DBT combines cognitive-behavioral techniques with mindfulness practices to help individuals regulate emotions, manage distress, improve interpersonal relationships, and develop tolerance for distressing situations. It is particularly beneficial for individuals with borderline personality disorder and emotion dysregulation.

Mindfulness-based therapies emphasize present-moment awareness and acceptance. These approaches help patients manage anxiety, depression, and chronic pain by cultivating mindfulness skills.

Psychodynamic therapy focuses on exploring unconscious thoughts and past experiences that may influence current behavior and emotions. PNPs help patients gain insight into their motivations and conflicts, promoting self-awareness and personal growth.

Person-centered therapy emphasizes creating a safe, nonjudgmental, and empathetic environment. PNPs facilitate self-exploration, self-acceptance, and self-empowerment, allowing patients to express themselves freely and work towards their own solutions.